Zvinoenderana nekuferefeta kweWGSN kwakaburitswa muna Nyamavhuvhu, 2022, 8% yezvipfeko, zvishongedzo, mabhegi anoshandisa Eco-hushamwari zvinhu.Zvizhinji zvemhando, vagadziri uye vatengi vane hanya nezvezvakatipoteredza uye vane maitiro eeco-hushamwari zvigadzirwa.
Zvino ndeapi mazinga akakosha ayo Eco-hushamwari maribhoni anofanira kusangana nawo?
Heano mamwe mazano ekutarisa kwako.
PH kukosha
Pamusoro peganda remunhu hachina kusimba acidic, iyo inobatsira kudzivirira kupinda kwebhakitiriya. Iyo pH kukosha kwemicheka inokurumidza kusangana neganda kunofanirwa kunge kuri pakati pekusasimba uye kusarerekera, izvo zvisingakonzere ganda kukwenya uye hazvizokuvadzi asina kusimba. acidic mamiriro pamusoro peganda.
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde chinhu chine chepfu chinokuvadza kune protoplasm yemasero ehupenyu.Inogona kusanganiswa neprotein mumutumbi, shandura mapuroteni maitiro uye kuisimbisa.Micheka ine formaldehyde zvishoma nezvishoma inoburitsa yemahara formaldehyde panguva yekupfeka uye kushandiswa, zvichikonzera kushatirwa kwakasimba kune yekufema mucosa uye ganda kuburikidza nekusangana nemunhu wekufema turakiti uye ganda, zvichitungamira mukuzvimba kwekufema uye dermatitis.Nguva refu mhedzisiro inogona kukonzera gastroenteritis, hepatitis, uye kurwadziwa kweminwe uye zvigunwe.Mukuwedzera, formaldehyde inewo kushatirwa kwakasimba kumaziso.Kazhinji, kana kuwanda kwe formaldehyde mumhepo kunosvika 4.00mg/kg, maziso evanhu anonzwa kusagadzikana.Izvo zvave zvichiratidzwa nekiriniki kuti formaldehyde yakakosha inducer yeakasiyana allergies uye inogona zvakare kukonzera cancer.Iyo formaldehyde mumucheka kazhinji inouya kubva mushure mekurapa maitiro ejira.Semuyenzaniso, semuchinjiro wemuchinjika mucrease uye shrink isingagadzike kupera kweselulosi fiber, anionic resins ine formaldehyde inoshandiswa kuvandudza kukurumidza kweruvara kune kunyorova kunyorova mukudhayira kwakananga kana reactive kwemachira edonje.
Masimbi anorema anobviswa
Kushandiswa kwesimbi yakaoma dhayi ndiyo yakakosha simbi inorema pamicheka, uye echisikigo mafibisi ezvirimwa anogona zvakare kutora zvinorema kubva muvhu kana mhepo panguva yekukura nekugadzirisa.Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe masimbi anorema anogona zvakare kuunzwa mukati mekugadzira dhayi uye machira ekudhinda uye maitiro ekudhaya.Iyo cumulative toxicity yeheavy metal kumuviri wemunhu yakanyanya kuoma.Kana masimbi anorema achinge abatwa nemuviri wemunhu, anowanzo kuunganidza mumapfupa uye matishu emuviri.Kana masimbi anorema akaungana kune imwe nhanho munhengo dzakakanganisika, anogona kuunza imwe njodzi kune hutano.Mamiriro ezvinhu aya akanyanya kuomera vana, sezvo kugona kwavo kutora heavy metals kwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura kwevakuru.Mitemo yeheavy metal yemukati muOeko Tex Standard 100 yakaenzana neyemvura yekunwa.
Chlorophenol (PCP/TeCP) uye OPP
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) chiumbwa chechinyakare uye chekuchengetedza chinoshandiswa mumachira, zvigadzirwa zvematehwe, huni, uye matanda ehuni.Kuedza kwemhuka kwakaratidza kuti PCP chinhu chine muchetura chine teratogenic uye carcinogenic mhedzisiro pavanhu.PCP yakagadzikana zvakanyanya uye ine maitiro akareba ekusvibisa zvisikwa, izvo zvinokuvadza kune zvakatipoteredza.Naizvozvo, inodzorwa zvakanyanya mumachira uye zvigadzirwa zvematehwe.2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol (TeCP) ndeye-chigadzirwa cheiyo synthesis process yePCP, inokuvadza zvakaenzana kuvanhu nenharaunda.OPP inowanzo shandiswa mukudhinda machira senamira uye yaive chinhu chitsva chekuyedza chakawedzerwa kuOeko Tex Standard 100 muna 2001.
Mishonga yezvipembenene/sora
Mafiibhi ezvirimwa zvakasikwa, sedonje, anogona kudyarwa nemishonga yakasiyana-siyana, yakadai semishonga yakasiyana-siyana, mishonga yesora, defoliant, fungicides, nezvimwewo. Kushandiswa kwemishonga mukurima donje kunodiwa.Kana zvirwere, tupukanana, nesora zvikasadzorwa, zvinokanganisa goho uye kunaka kwefiber.Pane huwandu hwekuti kana mishonga yezvipembenene ikarambidzwa kurima donje rose muUnited States, zvinozokonzera kudzikira kwe73% mukurimwa kwedonje munyika yose.Zviripachena, izvi hazvifungidzike.Mimwe yemishonga inoshandiswa mukukura kwedonje inotorwa neshinda.Kunyangwe ruzhinji rwemishonga yezvipembenene yakanyudzwa ichibviswa panguva yekugadzira machira, pachine mukana wekuti mamwe acharamba ari pachigadzirwa chekupedzisira.Mishonga iyi ine huturu hwakasiyana-siyana kumuviri wemunhu uye ine hukama nehuwandu hwasara pamicheka.Mamwe acho anotorwa nyore nyore neganda uye ane huturu hwakakura kumuviri wemunhu.Zvisinei, kana jira racho rakanyatsofashaidzwa, rinokwanisa kubvisa zvakasara zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakadai semishonga yezvipembenene/sora kubva mumucheka.
TBT/DBT
TBT/DBT inogona kukuvadza immune uye mahomoni masisitimu emuviri wemunhu uye ane huturu hwakakura.Oeko Tex Standard 100 yakawedzerwa sepurojekiti itsva yekuedza muna 2000. TBT/DBT inonyanya kuwanikwa kubva mukuchengetedza uye mapurasitiki mukugadzira micheka.
Rambidza azo dyes
Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti mamwe maazo dhayi anogona kuderedza mamwe maamine anonhuhwirira ane carcinogenic mhedzisiro pavanhu kana mhuka mune mamwe mamiriro.Mushure mekushandisa azo dhayi ane carcinogenic anonhuwirira amines mumachira / zvipfeko, madhayi anogona kutorwa neganda uye kupararira mukati memuviri wemunhu panguva yekubata kwenguva refu.Pasi pezvakajairwa biochemical reaction mamiriro emetabolism yemunhu, dhayi idzi dzinogona kuita kudzikiswa uye kuparara kuita carcinogenic inonhuhwirira amines, iyo inogona kushandiswa nemuviri wemunhu kushandura chimiro cheDNA, ichikonzera hosha dzevanhu uye kukonzera cancer.Parizvino kune marudzi angangosvika mazana maviri emarudzi edhayi ekugadzira ari kutenderera pamusika, ayo angangoita makumi manomwe muzana akavakirwa paazo chemistry, nepo kune angangoita mazana maviri negumi marudzi edhayi anofungidzirwa kudzikisa carcinogenic anonhuwirira amines (kusanganisira mamwe pigments uye non azo dhayi).Uye zvakare, mamwe madhayi haana carcinogenic anonhuwirira amines muchimiro chemakemikari, asi nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwepakati kana kusakwana kupatsanurwa kwetsvina uye nezvigadzirwa panguva yekugadzira, kuvepo kwecarcinogenic anonhuwirira amines kuchiri kugona kuonekwa, zvichiita kuti chigadzirwa chekupedzisira hachikwanise kupfuudza kuwanikwa.
Mushure mekuburitswa kweOeko Tex Standard 100, hurumende yeGerman, Netherlands, neAustria zvakare yakapa mitemo inorambidza azo dhayi zvinoenderana neOeko Tex standard.Mutemo weEU Consumer Goods Act unodzorawo kushandiswa kweazo dhayi.
Allergenic dhayi
Pakudhayiwa polyester, naironi, neacetate fiber, madhayi ekuparadzira anoshandiswa.Mamwe madhayi anoparadzira akaratidzwa kuve ane sensitization mhedzisiro.Parizvino, kune huwandu hwemakumi maviri emhando dzealleji dhayi dzisingagoni kushandiswa maererano ne100 mirairo yeOeko Tex Standard.
Chlorobenzene uye chlorotoluene
Carrier dyeing inzira yakajairika yekudhaya yezvakachena uye zvakasanganiswa polyester fiber zvigadzirwa.Nekuda kweiyo yakasimba supramolecular chimiro uye pasina boka rinoshanda pachikamu chetani, dhayi inotakura inowanzoshandiswa pakudhaya pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakajairwa.Zvimwe zvisingadhure zveklorini zvinonhuhwirira, zvakaita se trichlorobenzene uye dichlorotoluene, zvinotakura zvinodhaya zvinotakura.Kuwedzera mutakuri panguva yekugadzira dhayi kunogona kuwedzera iyo fiber chimiro uye kufambisa kupinda kwedhayi, asi tsvakiridzo yakaratidza kuti aya chlorinated anonhuwirira makomisheni anokuvadza kune nharaunda.Iyo ine inogona teratogenicity uye carcinogenicity kumuviri wemunhu.Asi ikozvino, mafekitori mazhinji atora kudziya kwepamusoro-soro uye kudhaya kwepamusoro-soro pachinzvimbo chekutakura dhayi.
Kutsanya kwemavara
Oeko Tex Standard 100 inoona kukurumidza kwemavara sechinhu chekuyedza kubva pamaonero eecological machira.Kana kukurumidza kwemavara emachira asina kunaka, mamorekuru edhayi, heavy metal ions, nezvimwe zvinogona kutorwa nemuviri wemunhu kuburikidza neganda, nekudaro zvichiisa mungozi hutano hwevanhu.Zvinhu zvekumhanya kweruvara zvinodzorwa neOeko Tex standard 100 zvinosanganisira: kukurumidza kumvura, yakaoma/kunyorova kukweshera, uye acid/alkali ziya.Uye zvakare, kutsanya kwemate kunoedzwawo kune yekutanga nhanho zvigadzirwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-12-2023